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FTP, SFTP, or FTPS: Which File Transfer Protocol is right for you?

Need to move files between computers or servers? FTP, SFTP, and FTPS are popular options, but they’re not the same. Let’s break them down to help you pick the best one.

FTP: File Transfer Protocol​

FTP is the oldest of the three, designed for transferring files between a client and a server. It’s fast but lacks security. Data, including usernames and passwords, is sent in plain text, making it easy for attackers to intercept. FTP uses port 21 for commands and port 20 for data transfers.

It’s best for non-sensitive files in trusted, internal networks but should be avoided for sensitive data due to its vulnerability.

SFTP: SSH File Transfer Protocol​

SFTP is a secure protocol that runs over SSH (Secure Shell), encrypting all data and credentials. It uses a single port (22), making it firewall-friendly and easier to configure than other protocols. SFTP supports advanced operations like file deletion or renaming, beyond just transfers.

It’s ideal for secure file sharing over untrusted networks, such as the internet, though encryption may slightly slow performance. SFTP is widely recommended for its balance of security and simplicity.

FTPS: FTP Secure​

FTPS is an extension of FTP that adds TLS/SSL encryption to protect data and credentials. It uses port 21 or 990 and additional ports for data, which can complicate firewall setups. FTPS is secure and suits environments with existing FTP systems needing enhanced security.

However, its setup is more complex due to certificate management and multiple port requirements, making it less common than SFTP in modern applications.

What’s Best for You?​

  • FTP: Quick for non-sensitive files in private networks.
  • SFTP: Secure and simple, great for most modern needs.
  • FTPS: Good for legacy FTP systems with added security.

For secure and hassle-free transfers, SFTP is usually the way to go!